Significant contributions to the study of the Tatar language and its dialects, were made by a scientist Gabdulkhay Akhatov, who is considered to be the founder of the modern Tatar dialectological school. Dialects of Tatar Īll of these dialects also have subdivisions. According to the opponents of this change, it will further endanger the Tatar language and is a violation of the Tatarstan Constitution which stipulates the equality of Russian and Tatar languages in the republic. Since 2017, Tatar language classes are no longer mandatory in the schools of Tatarstan. On the other hand, Tatar is the only language in use in rural districts of Tatarstan. Tatar is popular as a written language only in Tatar-speaking areas where schools with Tatar language lessons are situated. In other regions Tatar is primarily a spoken language and the number of speakers as well as their proficiency tends to decrease. Higher education in Tatar can only be found in Tatarstan, and is restricted to the humanities. However, Tatar-speaking pupils had little chance of entering university because higher education was available in Russian almost exclusively.Īs of 2001 Tatar was considered a potentially endangered language while Siberian Tatar received "endangered" and "seriously endangered" statuses, respectively. By the 1980s, the study and teaching of Tatar in the public education system was limited to rural schools. The usage of Tatar declined from during the 20th century. Tatar is also considered to have been the official language in the short-lived Idel-Ural State, briefly formed during the Russian Civil War. The Tatar language was made a de facto official language in Russia in 1917, but only within the Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. In other cases, where Tatar has no official status, the use of a specific alphabet depends on the preference of the author. All official sources in Tatarstan must use Cyrillic on their websites and in publishing.
Unofficially, other scripts are used as well, mostly Latin and Arabic. A Russian federal law overrode it in 2002, making Cyrillic the sole official script in Tatarstan since. The Republic of Tatarstan passed a law in 1999, which came into force in 2001, establishing an official Tatar Latin alphabet.
The official script of Tatar language is based on the Cyrillic script with some additional letters. Tatar, along with Russian, is the official language of the Republic of Tatarstan. In neighbouring Bashkortostan, 67% of Tatars, 27% of Bashkirs, and 1.3% of Russians did. In Tatarstan, 93% of Tatars and 3.6% of Russians did so. In the 2010 census, 69% of Russian Tatars who responded to the question about language ability claimed a knowledge of the Tatar language. Mordva's Qaratay group also speak a variant of Kazan Tatar. Tatar is also native for several thousand Maris. There are more than 7 million speakers of Tatar in the world. The Tatar language is spoken in Russia (about 5.3 million people), Ukraine, China, Finland, Turkey, Uzbekistan, the United States of America, Romania, Azerbaijan, Israel, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Lithuania, Latvia and other countries.
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